Page 5

ALTERNATE - leaves that are staggered or not placed directly across from each other on the twig.

BLADE - the flat part of a leaf, or leaflet, characteristic of deciduous trees.

BROADLEAF - a tree with leaves that are flat and thin and generally shed annually.

BUD SCAR - the marks remaining after bud scales drop in spring.

COMPOUND LEAF - a leaf with more than one blade.  All blades are attached to a single leafstem.  Where the leafstem attaches to the twig there is a bud.

CONIFER - cone-bearing tree.

DECIDUOUS - shedding all leaves annually.

ENTIRE - a leaf margin with smooth, untoothed edges.

EVERGREEN - trees with needles or leaves that remain alive and on the tree through the winter and into the next growing season.

LEAF SCAR - the mark left on the twig where the leaf was previously attached.

LOBES - projections that shape a leaf.

MARGIN - the edge of a leaf.

MIDRIB - the primary rib or central vein of a leaf.

OPPOSITE - 2 or 3 leaves that are directly across from each other on the same twig.

PALMATE - blades or lobes or veins of the leaf arranged like fingers on the palm of a hand.

PETIOLE - the leafstalk that connects the blade(s) to the twig.

PINNATE -  blades or lobes or veins of the leaf arranged like the vanes of a feather.

SAMARA - winged fruit.

SIMPLE LEAF - a single leaf blade with a bud at the base of the leafstem.

SINUS - indentation between lobes on a leaf.

SPURS - stubby, often sharp twigs.

TEETH - notches on the outer edge of a leaf.


(sinus, midrib, lobe, petiole, margin)  (entire margin, petiole, midrib)




Page 6

HOW TO USE THIS KEY:

1.  In each box there are two or more questions.  Each yes answer is followed by a GO TO direction which indicates a page number and box identifier.

2.  Read each question in the box.  Follow the directions by the question most correctly answered yes, moving to the page and box number indicated.

3.  By repeating this process and turning to the pages indicated, the yes answer will direct you to the box that names the tree.  The color of the YES GO TO box will match the color of the tree's box identifier.  Compare the leaf drawing with your leaf sample.

(Questions to answer)  (If answer is YES, turn to this page and box)  (Box Identifier)

10A - 	Are the leaves green with a flat base?
		OR
		Are the leaves very dark, with heart-shaped base?

If you have some idea about the tree's name, you may also look it up in the index, which will list the page where the particular species is shown.

START HERE

6A-	Does the tree bear cones and have leaves that are needle-like? 
   	CLUE: These trees are called CONIFERS (cone-bearing) and most are EVERGREEN (trees 	with needles or leaves that remain alive and on the tree through the winter and into the next 	growing season).
		OR	
	Does the tree bear cones that are sometimes berry-like and have leaves that hug the twig and are 	scale-like or awl-shaped? 
	 CLUE: These trees are called CONIFERS (cone-bearing) and most are EVERGREEN.	
		OR
	Does the tree have leaves that are flat and thin and generally shed annually?  	
	CLUE: These trees are called BROADLEAF, (a tree with leaves that are flat, thin and generally 	shed annually) most are DECIDUOUS (shedding all leaves annually) and bear a variety of fruit 	and flowers.

Page 7

7A-	Are the leaves SIMPLE (one BLADE attached to a stalk or PETIOLE)?
		OR	
	Are the leaves 	COMPOUND (more than one BLADE attached to a single stalk or PETIOLE)?
		OR
	Are the uniquely fan-shaped leaves mostly attached, in clusters, to short, spur-like branches?
	It is a ginkgo.

7B-	Are the SIMPLE leaves OPPOSITE (2 or 3 leaves that are directly across from each other on the 	same twig?
		OR	
	Are the SIMPLE leaves ALTERNATE (2 or 3 leaves that are staggered, not OPPOSITE each 	other on the twig)?

7C-	Are the COMPOUND leaves OPPOSITE?
 		OR
	Are the COMPOUND leaves ALTERNATE?

7D-	Are the trees EVERGREEN with needles arranged in clusters of 2-5?  These are pine trees.
 		OR
	Are the trees EVERGREEN with needles arranged singly?
		OR
	Are the trees DECIDUOUS (shedding all leaves annually) with needles arranged in clusters of 	many on short, spur-like branches?  These are larches.
		OR
	Are the trees DECIDUOUS with needles of uneven length flattened along the twig.  The cone a 	1" diameter green or brown wrinkled ball?  It is a baldcypress.

Page 8

8A-	Are the needles clustered in groups of 5 and the cones long with thin scales?  It is an eastern 	white pine.
		OR
	Are the needles clustered in groups of 2 or 3, and the cone scales thick and often tipped with 	spines?

8B-	Are the needles clustered in groups of 3?
		OR
	Are the needles clustered in groups of 2?
		OR
	Are the needles clustered in groups of 2 and 3 on the same tree?

8C-	Are the needles 3"-5" long, somewhat twisted, often sprouting in tufts from the trunk; cones 2"-3 	1/2" long?  It is a pitch pine.
 		OR
	Are the needles 8"-18" long, cones 6"-10" long?  It is a longleaf pine.
		OR
	Are the needles 6"-9" long, cones 3"-6" long?  It is a loblolly pine.

Page 9

9A-	Eastern White Pine, Pinus strobus, Zones 3-8

9B-	Pitch Pine, Pinus rigida, Zones 4-7

9C-	Longleaf Pine, Pinus palustris, Zones 7-9

9D-	Loblolly Pine, Pinus taeda, Zones 6-9

Page 10

10A-	Are the needles mostly 3"-6" long?
		OR
 	Are the needles mostly 3/4"-4" long?

10B-	Are the needles 4"-6" long, flexible, but break cleanly when folded; the bud and bark of the trunk 	reddish-brown?  It is a red pine.
		OR
	Are the needles 3"-6" long,  stout and stiff; the bark of the trunk gray-brown with black furrows 	and the bud silvery?  It is an Austrian pine.

10C-	Are the needles mostly 3/4"-1 1/2" long, yellow-green, and widely spread in bunches? 
      	CLUE: The cones often remain closed for many years.  It is a jack pine (scrub pine).
		OR
	Are the needles 1 1/2"-4" long, blue-green to yellow-green, and twisted; and is the bark on the 	upper trunk of older trees orange-red?  It is a Scotch pine (Scots pine).

10D-	Are the needles 5"-10" long, cones 3"-6" long?
	CLUE: The tree is native to the Great Plains and farther west.  It is a ponderosa pine.
		OR
	Are the needles 7"-10" long, cones 3"-6" long?
	CLUE: The tree is native to the southeastern states, especially along the coastal plain.  It is a 	slash pine.
		OR
	Are the needles 3"-5" long, cones 1 1/2"-2 1/2" long?
	CLUE: The tree is native to the southern states and north to central Missouri across to 	 Pennsylvania.  It is a shortleaf pine.

Page 11

11A-	Red Pine, Pinus resinosa, Zones 3-5

11B-	Austrian Pine, Pinus nigra, Zones 4-8

11C-	Jack Pine, Scrub Pine, Pinus banksiana, Zones 2-6

11D-	Scotch Pine, Scots Pine, Pinus sylvestris, Zones 2-8

Page 12

12A-	Are the cones less than 3/4" long, with few scales; and are the small branches stiff and not 	drooping?  It is a tamarack (eastern larch).
		OR
	Are the cones greater than 3/4" long, with many scales; and do the small  branches hang down?  	It is a European larch.

12B-	Are the needles fairly easy to roll between your fingers? 
	CLUE: Needles are 4-sided or diamond-shaped in cross section.  These are spruce trees.
		OR
	Are the needles difficult to roll between your fingers?
	CLUE: Needles are fairly flat in cross section.

12C-	Do the needles have 2 white or silvery stripes on their underside?
		OR
	Are the needles green on both sides and flattened along the twigs, the cone a 1" diameter 	wrinkled ball?  The needles and fine twigs are DECIDUOUS.  It is a baldcypress.

12D-	Do the cones hang down? 
		OR
		Are the twigs fairly smooth where needles have fallen off, the cones over 1 1/2" long and upright 	on top branches with DECIDUOUS scales?
	CLUE: The bark is smooth for many years with resin blisters.  It is a Balsam Fir or Fraser Fir.
12E-	Ponderosa Pine, Pinus ponderosa, Zones 3-7

Page 13

13A-	Slash Pine, Pinus elliottii, Zones 8-10

13B-	Shortleaf Pine, Pinus echinata, Zones 6-9

13C-	Tamarack, Eastern Larch, Larix laricina, Zones 3-4

13D-	European Larch, Larix decidua, Zones 2-6

Page 14

14A-	Are the mature cones generally over 2" long, with scale edges wavy or wedge shaped?
		OR
	Are the mature cones generally under 2" long, with scale edges rounded?

14B-	Are the needles not prickly-tipped, the cones 4"-8" long, and the branches droop up to several 	feet on older trees?  It is a Norway spruce.
		OR
	Are the needle tips very sharp-pointed, cones 2"-4" long, and the branches do not droop?  It is a 	Colorado blue spruce.

14C-	Are the needles 1/4"-1/2" long, dull blue green; twigs with fine hairs; cones about 1" long 	remaining on the tree for several years?  It is a black spruce.
		OR
	Are the needles about 1/2" long, blue-green to silvery-white; twigs hairless; cones 1"-2 1/2" long 	with flexible scales, cones shed annually?  It is a white spruce.
		OR
	Are the needles about 1/2" long, dark yellow-green and shiny; twigs with fine hairs; cones 1 	1/4"-2" shed annually?  It is a red spruce.

14D-	Eastern Hemlock, Tsuga canadensis, Zones 3-7

Page 15

15A-	Balsam Fir, Abies balsamea, Zones 3-5           Fraser Fir, Abies fraseri, Zones 4-7
	NOTE: Balsam Fir is native to the northeastern U.S. and Canada and Fraser Fir is native to VA, 	NC, and TN.

15B-	Norway Spruce, Picea abies, Zones 2-8

15C-	Colorado Blue Spruce, Picea pungens, Zones 2-8

15D-	Black Spruce, Picea mariana, Zones 2-7

Page 16

16A-	Are the twigs rough where needles have fallen off, and the cones less than 1" long?  It is an 	eastern hemlock.
		OR
	Are the needles of equal length, the cones 3"-4" long with a fork-like bract sticking out of each 	scale?  It is a Douglasfir.
16B-	Are the leaves yellow-green, flattened and scale-like on outer twigs, foliage arranged in flat, fan- 	like sprays;  fruit a small, bell-shaped, woody cone?  It is an eastern arborvitae (northern 	whitecedar).
		OR
	Are the leaves dark blue-green, the foliage not arranged in flattened sprays; fruit a small 	brownish-purple, berry-like cone?  It is an Atlantic whitecedar (southern whitecedar).
		OR
	Are the leaves dark green, blue-green, or purple-green, awl-shaped and scale-like on the same 	plant, foliage not arranged in flattened sprays; fruit is blue and berry-like?  It is an eastern 	redcedar.

16C-	Red Spruce, Picea rubens, Zones 3-6

Page 17

17A-	White Spruce, Picea glauca, Zones 2-7

17B-	Baldcypress, Taxodium distichum, Zones 4-10

17C-	Douglasfir, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Zones 4-6

17D-	Eastern Arborvitae, Northern Whitecedar, Thuja occidentalis, Zones 2-8

Page 18

18A-	Do the leaves have 3-5 LOBES (projections) in PALMATE (like fingers on a hand) 	 arrangement? These are maple trees.
		OR
	Do the leaves look heart-shaped with a long, tapering tip and smooth outer edges and BLADES 	(the flat part of a leaf) that are 8"-15" long?
	CLUE: The fruit is a thin, brown seed pod 8"-20" long. It is a northern capalpa.
		OR
	Are the leaves ENTIRE (smooth, untoothed edges), BLADES less than 8" long, with veins that 	curve to follow the leaf edge?  It is a flowering dogwood.

18B-	Do the leaves have closely toothed edges with sharp V-shaped SINUSES (indentations)?
	CLUE: The leaf underside is often silvery-white.
		OR
	Do the leaves have smooth edges, or few TEETH (notches on the outer edge of a leaf) with 	rounded SINUSES?

18C-	Do the flowers appear with or after the leaves in spring, the SAMARAS (winged fruits) maturing 	in late summer; leaves are 3-LOBED and sharply toothed; bark marked by vertical, broad, white 	stripes?  It is a striped maple.
		OR
	Do the flowers appear before the leaves in spring, and the SAMARAS mature and drop in late 	spring; with bark not as above?

18D-	Atlantic Whitecedar, Southern Whitecedar, Chamaecyparis thyoides, Zones 4-8

Page 19

19A-	Eastern Redcedar, Juniperus virginiana, Zones 2-9

19B-	Northern Catalpa, Catalpa speciosa, Zones 4-8

19C-	Flowering Dogwood, Cornus florida, Zones 5-9

19D-	Striped Maple, Acer pensylvanicum, Zones 3-4

Page 20

20A-	Are the leaves about 4" across, mostly 3-LOBED (some 5); the SAMARA about 3/4" long"  It is 	a red maple.
		OR
	Are the leaves about 6" across, deeply 5-LOBED; the SAMARA about 2" long?  It is a silver 	maple.

20B-	Do PETIOLES (the leaf stalk that connects the BLADE to the twig) not show milky sap when 	broken; buds are brown to dark brown, slender and pointed; the leaf underside is downy or paler 	than the top?
		OR
	Do PETIOLES show milky sap when broken (may not show if very dry or in autumn); buds are 	green or red, stout and blunt; the leaf underside is not downy or paler than the top?  It is a 	Norway maple.	

20C-	Are the leaves mostly 5-LOBED and usually not downy on the underside, with red-brown twigs?  	It is a sugar maple.
		OR
	Are the leaves mostly 3-LOBED and downy on the underside, with orange-brown twigs?  It is a 	black maple.

20D-	Are the leaves PALMATELY COMPOUND (BLADES arranged like fingers on a hand)?
	CLUE: The fruit is a 3-part leathery capsule with smooth, hard, nut-like seeds inside.
		OR
	Are the leaves PINNATELY COMPOUND (BLADES arranged like the vanes of a feather)?
	CLUE: The fruit is a single or double SAMARA.

20E-	Are there usually 7 BLADES (the flat part of a leaf or leaflet, characteristic of BROADLEAF 	trees) with the buds normally gummy?  It is a horsechestnut.
		OR
	Are there usually 5 BLADES with the buds not normally gummy?

Page 21

21A-	Red Maple, Acer rubrum, Zones 3-9

21B-	Silver Maple, Acer saccharinum, Zones 3-9

21C-	Norway Maple, Acer platanoides, Zones 3-8

21D-	Sugar Maple, Acer saccharum, Zones 3-8

Page 22

22A-	Do crushed twigs have a strong, unpleasant odor?
	CLUE: The outside of the fruit is prickly.  It is an Ohio Buckeye.
		OR
	Do crushed twigs not have a strong,  unpleasant odor?
	CLUE:  The outside of the fruit is not prickly.  It is a yellow buckeye.

22B-	Are there mostly 3-5 BLADES that are LOBED or coarsely toothed, with twigs green to 	purplish-green?
	CLUE: The fruit is a double SAMARA.  It is a boxelder (ashleaf maple).
		OR
	Are there mostly 5-13 BLADES with smooth or toothed edges?
	CLUE: The fruit is a single SAMARA.  These are ash trees.

22C-	Are the young twigs rounded?
		OR
	Are the young twigs four sided or squarish?  It is a blue ash.

22D-	Black Maple, Acer nigrum, Zones 3-9

22E-	Horsechestnut, Aesculus hippocastanum, Zones 3-7

Page 23

23A-	Ohio Buckeye, Aesculus glabra, Zones 3-7

23B-	Yellow Buckeye, Aesculus octandra, Zones 3-8

23C-	Boxelder, Ashleaf Maple, Acer negundo, Zones 2-9

23D-	Blue Ash, Fraxinus quadrangulata, Zones 5-9

Page 24

24A-	Are the LEAF SCARS nearly straight across the top; leaves with yellow fall color?  It is a green 	ash.
		OR
	Are the LEAF SCARS deeply notched at the top or U-shaped; leaf underside often whitish, 	leaves with a bronze to purple fall color?  It is a white ash.

24B-	Are the leaves fan-shaped, the veins fanning out from the leaf base, with 1 or 2 notches forming 	LOBES along the MARGIN (the edge of a leaf), and most attached to short, spur-like branches?  	It is a ginkgo
		OR
	Are the leaves not fan-shaped?

24C-	Are the leaves flattened across the top, with 2 LOBES on either side of the MIDRIB (the primary 	rib or central vein)?  It is a yellow-poplar, tulip-poplar, tuliptree.
		OR
	Are the leaves entire, mitten-shaped, or 3-LOBED all on the same small tree or shrub?  It is a 	sassafras.
		OR
	Are the leaves toothed, lobed and unlobed on the same tree?  The fruit fleshy?
		OR
	Are the leaves and fruit not as above?

24D-	Are most of the leaves LOBED (sometimes LOBED  and non-LOBED leaves appear on the 	same tree)?
		OR
	Are the leaves not LOBED?

24E-	Green Ash, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Zones 3-9

Page 25

25A-	White Ash, Fraxinus americana, Zones 3-9

25B-	Ginkgo, Ginkgo biloba, Zones 3-8

25C-	Yellow-poplar, Tulip-poplar, Tuliptree, Liriodendron tulipifera, Zones 4-9

25D-	Sassafras, Sassafras albidum, Zones 4-8

Page 26

26A-	Are the leaves, when LOBED, distinctly PINNATELY (like the vanes of a feather) LOBED?
		OR
	Are the leaves, when LOBED, PALMATELY LOBED?
		OR
	Are the leaves slightly LOBED or non-LOBED, rounded, variable in size and shape and 1"-4" 	long?
	CLUE: The fruit is an acorn.  It is a water oak.

26B-	Are the leaves star-shaped, with 5-7 LOBES and finely-toothed MARGINS?
	CLUE: The fruit is a spiked ball.  It is a sweetgum.
		OR
	Are the leaves not star-shaped, with 3-5 LOBES?

26C-	Are the leaves at least 4"-10" wide, the PETIOLE base hollow, covering the side buds; the bark 	of the upper trunk and branches smooth or peeling off in large sections?
	CLUE: The fruit is a dry ball on a long stalk.
		OR
	Are the leaves 1"-4" wide, some not LOBED, with undersides and twigs covered with white hair, 	the base of the PETIOLE not hollow or covering the side buds?  It is a white poplar.

26D-	Do most of the seed balls grow singly?  It is an American sycamore.
		OR
	Do most of the seed balls grow in pairs?  It is a London planetree.

Page 27

27A-	Water Oak, Quercus nigra, Zones 6-9

27B-	Sweetgum, Liquidambar styaciflua, Zones 5-9

27C-	White Poplar, Populus alba, Zones 3-9

27D-	American Sycamore, Platanus occidentalis, Zones 4-9

Page 28

28A-	Do the twigs have slender, tapered thorns?  These are hawthorn trees.
		OR
	Do the twigs not have slender, tapered thorns?

28B-	Are the leaves generally LOBED and smooth?
	CLUE: The red fruit is 1/4" in diameter, ripening in early fall.  It is a Washington hawthorn.
		OR
	Are the leaves generally LOBED and downy?
	CLUE: The red fruit is 1/2"-1" in diameter, ripening in late summer.  It is a downy hawthorn.

28C-	Are the leaves downy and jagged toothed or slightly LOBED, the twigs with short, stubby, sharp 	SPURS (twigs)?
	CLUE: The fruit is a small apple.  It is a prairie crabapple.
		OR
	Are the leaves, twigs, and fruit not as above?

28D-	Do the leaves have 3 main veins coming out from the leaf base, several leaf shapes, one bud at 	the tip of each twig?
	CLUE: The fruit is fleshy.  These are mulberry trees.
		OR
	Do the leaves have 1 large MIDRIB, with several buds clustered at the tips of the twigs?
	CLUE: The fruits are acorns.  These are oak trees.

28E-	Are the leaves rough on top, UNLOBED to 3-LOBED; young twigs downy, with fruit (on 	female trees) red to dark purple?  It is a red mulberry.
		OR
	Are the leaves smooth and glossy on top, UNLOBED to many-LOBED; young twigs not downy, 	with fruit (on female trees) white, pink or purple?  It is a white mulberry.

Page 29

29A-	London Planetree, Platanus x acerifolia, Zones 4-9

29B-	Washington Hawthorn, Crataegus phaenopyrum, Zones 3-8

29C-	Downy Hawthorn, Crataegus mollis, Zones 3-7

29D-	Prairie Crabapple, Malus ioensis, Zones 4-8

Page 30

30A-	Are the LOBES blunt or rounded, not bristle tipped?
	CLUE: The inner surface of the acorn shell, near the fleshy acorn meat, is not downy.
		OR
	Are the LOBES sharp and bristle tipped?
	CLUE: The inner surface of the acorn shell is downy.

30B-	Are the leaves usually cross-shaped, with a very rough, sand-paper-like top surface?  It is a post 	oak.
		OR
	Are the leaves not cross-shaped?

30C-	Are the leaves downy on the underside?
	CLUE: The edge of the acorn cap is unfringed to highly fringed and covers one third or more of 	the acorn.
		OR
	Are the leaves smooth on the underside?
	CLUE: The edge of the acorn cap is not fringed and covers one third or less of the acorn.

30D-	Does a bristly acorn cap enclose 1/2 or more of the acorn, with little or no stalk; the leaves 	broadest above the middle, shallowly to deeply lobed, often with a pair of deep SINUSES just 	below the middle?
	CLUE: The bark on twigs is often in corky ridges.  It is a bur oak.
		OR
	Does a slightly fringed acorn cap enclose 1/2 or less of the acorn with the acorn on a 1"-3" stalk; 	the leaves shallowly LOBED or with coarse rounded teeth?
	CLUE: The bark peels on young branches.  It is a swamp white oak.
		OR
	Does the acorn cap nearly enclose the acorn, with the acorn stalk 1/2"-1" long?  It is an overcup 	oak.

Page 31

31A-	Red Mulberry, Morus rubra, Zones 4-8

31B-	White Mulberry, Morus alba, Zones 4-8

31C-	Post Oak, Quercus stellata, Zones 5-8

31D-	Bur Oak, Quercus macrocarpa, Zones 2-8

Page 32

32A-	Are the leaves 4"-9" long; with the PETIOLE 1/2" to 1" long?  It is a white oak.
		OR
	Are the leaves 2"-5" long with ear-lobe-like leaf bases; with a very short or absent PETIOLE?  It 	is an English oak.

32B-	Are the leaves downy with a gray to rust tint on the underside with 3-LOBED and 5-11-LOBED 	leaves on the same tree?
	CLUE: The LOBES are often curved.  It is a southern red oak.
		OR
	Are the leaves not downy or with just scattered tufts of hair along the veins on the underside?

32C-	Are the leaves normally dull to slightly shiny on top with SINUSES that extend halfway or less 	to the MIDRIB?
	CLUE: The acorns are 3/4"-1 1/4" long.  It is a northern red oak.
		OR
	Are the leaves normally shiny on the top with SINUSES that extend more than halfway to the 	MIDRIB?
	CLUE: The acorns are 1/2"-1" long.

32D-	Swamp White Oak, Quercus bicolor, Zones 3-8

Page 33

33A-	Overcup Oak, Quercus lyrata, Zones 5-10

33B-	White Oak, Quercus alba, Zones 3-9
33C-	English Oak, Quercus robur, Zones 4-8
	
33D-	Southern Red Oak, Quercus falcata, Zones 7-9

Page 34

34A-	Do the SINUSES extend about 2/3 of the way to the MIDRIB with a smooth upper leaf surface 	and a sometimes scaly and yellow to copper-colored underside?  It is a black oak.
		OR
	Do the SINUSES extend more than 2/3 of the way to the MIDRIB?

34B-	Does the acorn cap enclose 1/3-1/2 or more of the acorn?
	CLUE: The acorn often has several concentric rings around its tip.  It is a scarlet oak.
		OR
	Does the acorn cap only enclose the base of the acorn, with the acorn usually striped?  It is a pin 	oak.

34C-	Are the leaf MARGINS ENTIRE?
		OR
	Are the leaf MARGINS not ENTIRE?

34D-	Are the leaves, young twigs, and small, olive-like fruit covered with silvery scales; with thorns 	often present?  It is a Russian-olive.
		OR
	Are the leaves, twigs, and fruit not covered with silvery scales?

34E-	Northern Red Oak, Quercus rubra, Zones 4-8

Page 35

35A-	Black Oak, Quercus velutina, Zones 3-9

35B-	Scarlet Oak. Quercus coccinea, Zones 4-9

35C-	Pin Oak, Quercus palustris, Zones 4-8

35D-	Russian-olive, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Zones 2-7

Page 36

36A-	Are the leaves broad and heart-shaped and are the spring blooms purple?
	CLUE: The fruit is a small legume or pod.  It is an eastern redbud.
		OR
	Are the leaves not heart-shaped and the fruit not a legume?

36B-	Do the twigs and leaves have milky sap, with spines or thorns often present on twigs?
	CLUE: The fruit is large, green, and rough-textured.  It is an Osage-orange.
		OR
	Are the twigs and leaves without milky sap, the stems without spines, the fruit not as above?

36C-	Are the leaves 6"-12" long; the buds brown, naked or scaleless, covered with rusty hairs? 
	CLUE: The fruit is 2"-5" long, fleshy, sweet, and brownish-black when ripe.  It is a pawpaw.
		OR
	Are the buds and fruit not as above?
36D-	Are the leaves 3"-24" long; twigs fairly smooth, encircled by thin SCARS or lines at each BUD; 	the flowers large and showy?
		OR
	Are the leaves smaller; twigs not encircled by thin SCARS or lines at each BUD, and the flowers 	not large and showy?

36E-	Are the leaves usually shorter than 10"?
		OR
	Are the leaves 10"-24" long, clustered near the ends of the branches giving an umbrella effect?
	CLUE: The flowers are white and unpleasantly scented.  It is an umbrella magnolia.


Page 37

37A-	Eastern Redbud, Cercis canadensis, Zones 4-9

37B-	Osage-Orange, Maclura pomifera, Zones 4-9

37C-	Pawpaw, Asimina triloba, Zones 5-8

37D-	Umbrella Magnolia, Magnolia tripetala, Zones 4-8

Page 38

38A-	Are the leaves EVERGREEN with red hairs on the leaf underside and on the flower buds and 	twigs?
	CLUE: The flowers are large, white, and pleasant smelling.  It is a southern magnolia.
		OR
	Are the leaves not EVERGREEN, with their lower surfaces, twigs, and buds not covered with 	red hairs?

38B-	Are the leaves 3"-6" long, the flowers large and white to pink to purple?  It is a saucer magnolia.
		OR
	Are the leaves 4"-10" long, the flowers large and greenish-yellow?  It is a cucumbertree 	magnolia.

38C-	Are several buds clustered at the ends of the twigs, the leaves often tipped with a single bristle?
	CLUE: The fruit is an acorn.
		OR
	Are the buds not clustered at the ends of the twigs, the leaves not tipped with a bristle, and the 	fruit not an acorn?

38D-	Are the leaves thick, leathery, and EVERGREEN with an occasional toothed leaf?  It is a live 	oak.
		OR
	Are the leaves not leathery and shed in the fall?

38E-	Are the leaves 2 or 3 times as long as wide and downy underneath?  It is a shingle oak.
		OR
	Are the leaves very narrow and usually not downy on the underside?  It is a willow oak.

Page 39

39A-	Southern Magnolia, Magnolia grandiflora, Zones 6-9
39B-	Saucer Magnolia, Magnolia x soulangiana, Zones 5-9

39C-	Cucumbertree Magnolia, Magnolia acuminata, Zones 3-8

39D-	Live Oak, Quercus virginiana, Zones 8-10

Page 40
40A-	Is the fruit 1/2" long, blue-black, and berry-like?
	CLUE: The pith or center of the twigs is divided by woody plates.  It is a black tupelo 	 (blackgum).
		OR
	Is the fruit an orange berry, 1"-1 1/2" in diameter?  It is a persimmon.

40B-	Are the leaves EVERGREEN, stiff , leathery, and tipped with hard pointy spines at the ends of 	the TEETH?
	CLUE: The fruit is a red berry.  It is an American holly.
		OR
	Do the leaves not have hard, pointy spines?

40C-	Is the fruit a nut in a bur or an acorn in a cap?
		OR
	Is the fruit not in a bur or cap?

40D-	Shingle Oak, Quercus imbricaria, Zones 4-8

Page 41

41A-	Willow Oak, Quercus phellos, Zones 5-9

41B-	Black Tupelo, Blackgum, Nyssa sylvatica, Zones 3-9

41C-	Persimmon, Diospyros virginiana, Zones 4-9

41D-	American Holly, Ilex opaca, Zones 6-9

Page 42

42A-	Is there a single, small (1/8"-1/4" long) bud at the end of each twig?
	CLUE: The fruit is 2-3 rounded nuts in a prickly bur.  These are chestnut trees.
		OR
	Are there several, small (1/8"-1/4" long) buds at the end of each twig?
	CLUE: The fruit is an acorn  These are oak trees.
		OR
	Are the buds 3/4"-1" long, with the fruit a bur enclosing 2-3 triangular nuts?
	CLUE:  The bark is thin and blue-gray.  It is an American beech.

42B-	Are the leaves yellow-green on top, with smooth undersides and twigs?  It is an American 	chestnut.
		OR
	Are the leaves reddish or dark green on top, with downy undersides and twigs?  It is a Chinese 	chestnut.

42C-	Do the leaves have large, rounded TEETH or short LOBES?
	CLUE: The acorns have long (1"-4") stalks. It is a swamp white oak.
		OR
	Do the leaves have rounded TEETH?
	CLUE: The acorns have a short stalk.  It is a chestnut oak.
		OR
	Do the leaves have sharp TEETH?
	CLUE: The acorns have almost no stalk.  It is a chinkapin oak.

42D-	American Beech, Fagus grandifolia, Zones 3-9

Page 43

43A-	American Chestnut, Castanea dentata, Zones 4-8

43B-	Chinese Chestnut, Castanea mollissima, Zones 4-8

43C-	Chestnut Oak, Quercus prinus, Zones 4-8

43D-	Chinkapin Oak, Quercus muehlenbergii, Zones 5-8

Page 44

44A-	Do the twigs and branches have thorns?
		OR
	Do the twigs and branches not have thorns?

44B-	Is the fruit fleshy with a single, stony seed and about 1" in diameter when mature?  It is an 	American plum.
		OR
	Is the fruit fleshy, 1/2" or less in diameter when mature, with more than one seed?  It is a 	cockspur hawthorn.

44C-	Do the leaves have flattened PETIOLES?  These are aspen or cottonwood trees.
		OR
	Do the leaves not have flattened PETIOLES?

44D-	Are the leaves dark green on top, with rounded bases?
		OR
	Are the leaves bright green to yellow-green and generally triangular-shaped with flat to rounded 	bases?

44E-	Are the leaf MARGINS finely toothed?  It is a quaking aspen.
		OR
	Are the leaf MARGINS coarsely toothed?  It is a bigtooth aspen.

Page 45

45A-	American Plum, Prunus americana, Zones 3-8

45B-	Cockspur Hawthorn, Crataegus crusgalli, Zones 3-7

45C-	Quaking Aspen, Populus tremuloides, Zones 3-9

45D-	Bigtooth Aspen, Populus grandidentata, Zones 3-9

Page 46

46A-	Does this tree have a narrow, column shape with the branches reaching almost straight upward?  	It is a Lombardy black poplar.
		OR
	Does the tree have more spreading shape?
	CLUE: The leaves have 2 glands where the leaf BLADE meets the PETIOLE.

46B-	Are the leaf MARGINS finely toothed and the buds smooth?  It is an eastern cottonwood.
		OR
	Are the leaf MARGINS coarsely toothed and the buds slightly downy?
	CLUE: This tree is native to the western Great Plains and Rocky Mountains.  It is a plains 	cottonwood.

46C-	Do the leaves have 3-5 veins radiating from the base?
		OR
	Do the leaves have 1 MIDRIB?

46D-	Is the sap milky, are some leaves LOBED with leaf bases similar on both side of the PETIOLE?
	CLUE: The fruit is fleshy and bumpy.  These are mulberry trees.
		OR
	Is the sap not milky, the leaf bases different on both sides of the PETIOLE?
	CLUE: The fruit is not as above.

46E-	Are the leaves rough on top; young twigs downy, with fruit (on female trees) red to dark purple?  	It is a red mulberry.
		OR
	Are the leaves smooth and glossy on top; young twigs  not downy, with fruit (on female trees) 	white, pink or purple?  It is a white mulberry.

Page 47

47A-	Lombardy Black Poplar, Populus nigra var. italica, Zones 3-9

47B-	Eastern Cottonwood, Populus deltoides, Zones 2-9

47C-	Plains Cottonwood, Populus deltoides var. occidentalis, Zones 3-8

47D-	Red Mulberry, Morus rubra, Zones 4-8

Page 48

48A-	Are the leaves twice as long as wide, tapered at the tip; the bark of the trunk with high, corky 	ridges?
	CLUE: The fruit is purple and berry-like.  It is a common hackberry.
		OR
	Are the leaves about as wide as long and heart-shaped; the bark of the trunk without corky 	ridges?
	CLUE: The fruit is a small nut attached to a wing-like leaf.  These are linden or basswood trees.

48B-	Are the leaves 5"-6" long?  It is an American basswood (American linden).
		OR
	Are the leaves 1 1/2"-2 1/2" long?  It is a littleleaf linden.

48C-	Is the leaf notched or flat across the top edge with buds on stalks?
	CLUE: The fruit is a small, woody cone.  It is a European alder.
		OR
	Is the fruit not a small, woody cone and the buds not stalked?

48D-	Are the leaf bases different on both sides of the PETIOLE, with the leaves flattened horizontally 	along the twig and the fruit is flattened and winged?  These are elm trees.
		OR
	Are the leaf bases the same on both sides of the PETIOLE?

48E-	White Mulberry, Morus alba, Zones 4-8

Page 49

49A-	Common Hackberry, Celtis occidentalis, Zones 2-9

49B-	American Basswood, American Linden, Tilia americana, Zones 2-8

49C-	Littleleaf Linden, Tilia cordata, Zones 3-7

49D-	European Alder, Alnus glutinosa, Zones 3-7

Page 50

50A-	Are the leaves between 3"-7" long, with doubly toothed MARGINS?
		OR
	Are the leaves 3/4"-3" long, with only singly toothed MARGINS?
	CLUE: Their bases may be only slightly different on both sides of the PETIOLE.

50B-	Are the leaves less than 4" long with twigs that have corky ridges?  It is a rock elm, cork elm.
		OR
	Are the leaves over 4" long with twigs that do not have corky ridges?

50C-	Are the leaves very rough on top?  It is a slippery elm.
		OR
	Are the leaves smooth or slightly rough on top?  It is an American elm.

50D-	Are the leaves thick, dark-green and shiny on top?
	CLUE: The fruit matures in the fall.  It is a Chinese elm.
		OR
	Are the leaves dull green on top, and not thick?
	CLUE: The fruit matures in the spring.  It is a Siberian elm.

50E-	Is the bark on the trunk white to bronze and papery, peeling easily?  These are birch trees.
		OR
	Is the bark on the trunk not white or papery, and not easy to peel?

50F-	Rock Elm, Cork Elm, Ulmus thomasii, Zones 3-7

Page 51

51A-	Slippery Elm, Ulmus rubra, Zones 3-9

51B-	American Elm, Ulmus americana, zones 2-9
51C-	Chinese Elm, Ulmus parvifolia, Zones 4-9

51D-	Siberian Elm, Ulmus pumila, Zones 4-9

Page 52

52A-	Is the bark on older trunks and branches bright white with black cracks?  It is a paper birch.
		OR
	Is the bark on older trunks and branches bronze to cinnamon colored?  It is a river birch.

52B-	Is the fruit dry?
		OR
	Is the fruit moist and fleshy?

52C-	Are the leaves very narrow, at least 4 times as long as wide?  These are willow trees.
		OR
	Are the leaves not as narrow as above?

52D-	Do the leaves have glands (bumps) where the leaf BLADE meets the PETIOLE?
	CLUE: The fruit has one stony seed.
		OR
	Do the leaves not have glands where the leaf BLADE meets the PETIOLE?
	CLUE: The fruit has several seeds.

52E-	Is the fruit shiny, smooth, and generally 1" or less in diameter?  These are cherry or plum trees.
		OR
	Is the fruit downy and generally more than 1" in diameter?  These are peach or apricot trees.

52F-	Does the tree have long, slender, drooping branches?  It is a weeping willow.
		OR
	Does the tree not have branches as above?  It is a black willow.

Page 53

53A-	Paper Birch, Betula papyrifera, Zones 2-6

53B-	River Birch, Betula nigra, Zones 4-9

53C-	Weeping Willow, Salix babylonica, Zones 5-8

53D-	Black Willow, Salix nigra, Zones 3-8

Page 54

54A-	Are the leaves somewhat thick and leathery?
	CLUE: The fruit is more than 1/2" in diameter.  It is a sour cherry.
		OR
	Are the leaves not thick or leathery?
	CLUE: The fruit is less than 1/2" in diameter.

54B-	Are the leaves long and narrow (2 or 3 times as long as wide), with brown hairs along the 	underside of the MIDRIB near the leaf base?
	CLUE:  The fruit is 1/2" or less in diameter and nearly black.  It is a black cherry.
		OR
	Are the leaves more egg-shaped or oval (2 times as wide as long or less), with no brown hairs?
	CLUE: The fruit is similar to black cherry but red to purple.  It is a chokecherry.

54C-	Are the leaves long and narrow (4-6 times as long as wide)?
	CLUE: The fruit is about 3" in diameter.  It is a peach.
		OR
	Are the leaves not narrow as above, with smaller fruit?  It is an apricot.

54D-	Sour Cherry, Prunus cerasus, Zones 5-7

Page 55

55A-	Black Cherry, Prunus serotina, Zones 3-9

55 B-	Chokecherry, Prunus virginiana, Zones 3-6

55C-	Peach, Prunus persica, Zones 5-8

55D-	Apricot, Prunus armeniaca, Zones 5-8

Page 56

56A-	Are the leaf MARGINS sharply double-toothed, leaves usually arranged along the twig in a 	flattened manner?
	CLUE: The fruit is in clusters of flattened winged seeds.
		OR
	Are the leaf MARGINS finely single-toothed?
	CLUE: The fruit is a 5-sided capsule in clusters of many.  It is a sourwood.

56B-	Is the fruit an apple, 3/4" or more in diameter?
		OR
	Is the fruit a pear (Bradford pear has branches that all curve upward and a small fruit that does 	not look like a common pear).  It is a pear.
		OR
	Is the fruit similar to an apple, but dark-red to purple and 1/4"-1/2" diameter?
	CLUE: The flowers have 5 long, thin petals that appear very early in the spring.  It is a 	 	Juneberry, downy serviceberry, shadbush.

56C-	Is the apple 2" in diameter or more when mature?  It is an apple.
		OR
	Is the apple less than 2" in diameter when mature?  It is a prairie crabapple.

Page 57

57A-	Sourwood, Oxydendrum arboreum, Zones 4-9

57B-	Pear, Pyrus, Zones 4-8

57C-	Juneberry, Downy Serviceberry, Shadbush, Amelanchier arborea, Zones 4-9

57D-	Apple, Malus pumila, Zones 5-8

Page 58

58A-	Does the tree have smooth, gray bark, with a sinewy stem?  It is an American hornbeam.
		OR
	Does the tree have rough, shreddy bark.  It is an eastern hophornbeam.

58B-	Are the leaves once or twice PINNATELY COMPOUND, blades with deeply toothed or 	LOBED MARGINS?
	CLUE: The flowers are bright yellow and appear in mid-summer.  It is a goldenraintree.
		OR
	Are the leaves once or twice PINNATELY COMPOUND, blades with MARGINS that are not 	deeply toothed or LOBED?

58C-	Are the leaves two or three times PINNATELY COMPOUND (some once-COMPOUND on the 	same tree)?
		OR
	Are the leaves only once COMPOUND?

58D-	Are the BLADES 1/2" long or less?
	CLUE:  The flowers are pink and the fruit is a 5"-7" long, brown, thin pod.  It is a mimosa, silk-	tree.
		OR
	Are the BLADES 2"-3" long with smooth MARGINS and whole leaves 1'-3' long?
	CLUE: The fruit is a 5"-10" long, brown, leathery pod with 3/4" seeds.  It is a Kentucky 	coffeetree.
		OR
	Are the BLADES 1/2"-1 1/2" long or less with finely toothed MARGINS and whole leaves 6"-	12" long?
	CLUE: Native trees often have stout, branched thorns and fruit that is an 8"-18" long, brown, 	leathery pod with seeds that are the size of watermelon seeds.  It is a honeylocust.

Page 59

59A-	Prairie Crabapple, Malus ioensis, Zones 4-8

59B-	American Hornbeam, Carpinus caroliniana, Zones 2-9

59C-	Eastern Hophornbeam, Ostrya virginiana, Zones 3-9

59D-	Goldenraintree, Koelreuteria paniculata, Zones 5-9

Page 60

60A-	Are the side buds hidden by the leaf base?
	CLUE: The fruit is a legume.
		OR
	Are the side buds exposed?
	CLUE: The fruit is not a legume.

60B-	Are the BLADES large, 2"-4" long?  It is a yellowwood.
		OR
	Are the leaflets small, less than 2" long?

60C-	Is the fruit an 8"-18" long, brown, leathery pod; with native trees having long, branched thorns?  	It is a honeylocust.
		OR
	Is the fruit a pod less than 7" long, and are there no branched thorns?

60D-	Are the BLADE tips angled and no spines or prickles can be found on twigs?  It is a Japanese 	pagodatree.
		OR
	Are BLADE tips rounded and spines or prickles usually present on twigs?  It is a black locust.

60E-	Mimosa, Silk-tree, Albizia julibrissin, Zones 6-9

Page 61

61A-	Kentucky Coffeetree, Gymnocladus dioicus, Zones 3-8

61B-	Honeylocust, Gleditsia triacanthos, Zones 3-9
	NOTE: The Thornless Honeylocust is a commonly planted city tree.

61C-	Yellowwood, Cladrastis kentuckea, (formerly Cladrastis lutea) Zones 3-8

61D-	Japanese Pagodatree, Styphnolobium japonicum, (formerly Sophora japonica) Zones 4-8

Page 62

62A-	Are the leaves 18"-36" long, with 11-41 BLADES that give off a strong, musty, unpleasant odor 	when crushed?
	CLUE: The fruit is a SAMARA.  It is a tree-of-heaven.
		OR
	Are the leaves generally shorter, without a musty, unpleasant odor when crushed?
	CLUE: The fruit is not a SAMARA.

62B-	Are the BLADE edges coarsely toothed?
	CLUE: The fruit is 1/4"-1/2" in diameter, bright orange-red, and berry-like.
		OR
	Are the BLADE edges finely toothed?
	CLUE: The fruit is a nut.

62C-	Are the BLADES 2"-4" long and the buds gummy?  It is an American mountainash.
		OR
	Are the BLADES 1"-2" long and the buds downy?  It is a European mountainash.

62D-	Does the husk of the nut not split along lines when ripe?
	CLUE: The pith or center of the twigs is divided into empty chambers by plates.
		OR
	Does the husk of the nut split along lines when ripe?
	CLUE: The pith or center of the twigs is solid.

62E-	Is the nut spherical and round, the bark dark brown to black and chocolate-brown when cut or 	broken?
	CLUE: The pith is light brown.  It is a black walnut.
		OR
	Is the nut oblong or oval, the bark gray?
	CLUE: The pith is dark brown.  It is a butternut.

Page 63

63A-	Black Locust, Robinia pseudoacacia, Zones 3-9

63B-	Tree-of-Heaven, Ailanthus altissima, Zones 4-8

63C-	American Mountainash, Sorbus americana, Zones 3-6

63D-	European Mountainash, Sorbus aucuparia, Zones 3-7

Page 64

64A-	Do the leaves have 9-17 BLADES, with the one at the tip about the same size as the others?  It is 	a pecan.
		OR
	Do the leaves usually have 5-9 BLADES, with the one at the tip often larger than the others?

64B-	Do the leaves usually have 5, but sometimes 7 BLADES?
		OR
	Do the leaves usually have 7-9 (occasionally 11) BLADES?

64C-	Is the husk on the nut thick (1/4"-1/2"), splitting completely when ripe to release the nut; with 	the bark on older trees peeling in long, shaggy sections?  It is a shagbark hickory.
		OR
	Is the husk on the nut thin (less than 1/8"), often splitting only part way to the base; with the bark 	on older trees tight with rounded ridges, not shaggy?  It is a pignut hickory.

64D-	Are the buds sulfur-yellow, with the fruit husk thin and the nut shell thin?  It is a bitternut 	hickory.
		OR
	Are the buds not sulfur-yellow, with the fruit husk thick and the nut shell thick?

64E-	Black Walnut, Juglans nigra, Zones 4-8

Page 65

65A-	Butternut, Juglans cinerea, Zones 3-7

65B-	Pecan, Carya illinoensis, Zones 5-9

65C-	Shagbark Hickory, Carya ovata, Zones 5-8

65D-	Pignut Hickory, Carya glabra, Zones 4-9

Page 66

66A-	Is the fruit husk 1/4"-1/2" thick, the nut 4-6-ribbed, and the bark on older trunks broken into 	long, shaggy sections?  It is a shellbark hickory.
		OR
	Is the fruit husk 1/8"-1/4" thick, the nut 4-ribbed, and the bark on older trunks ridged and 	furrowed, not shaggy?  It is a mockernut hickory.

66B-	Bitternut Hickory, Carya cordiformis, Zones 3-9

66C-	Shellbark Hickory, Carya laciniosa, Zones 5-8

66D-	Mockernut Hickory, Carya tomentosa, Zones 4-9

Page 67

Name		Page/Box

Abies
	balsamea	15A
	fraseri	15A
Acer
	negundo	23C
	nigrum	22D
	pensylvanicum	19D
	platanoides	21C
	rubrum	21A
	saccharinum	21B
	saccharum	21D
Aesculus
	glabra	23A
	hippocastanum	22E
	octandra	23B
Ailanthus altissima	63B
Albizia julibrissin	60E
Alder, European	49D
Alnus glutinosa	49D
Amelanchier
	 arborea	57C
Apple		57D
Apricot	55D
Arborvitae, eastern	17D
Ash,	
	Blue Ash	23D
	Green	24E
	White	25A
Asimina triloba	37C
Aspen, 
	Bigtooth	45D
	Quaking	45C
Baldcypress	17B
Basswood,	
	American	49B
Beech, American	42D
Betula
	nigra	53B
	papyrifera	53A
Birch,
	Paper	53A
	River	53B
Blackgum	41B
Boxelder	23C	
Buckeye,
	Ohio	23A
	Yellow	23B
Butternut	65A
Carpinus
	caroliniana	59B
Carya
	cordiformis	66B
	glabra	65D
	illinoensis	65B
	laciniosa	66C
	ovata	65C
	tomentosa	66D
Castanea
	dentata	43A
	mollissima	43B
Catalpa, Northern	19B
Catalpa speciosa	19B
Celtis occidentalis	49A
Cercis canadensis	37A
Chamaecyparis
	thyoides	18D
Cherry,
	Black	55A
	Sour	54D
Chestnut,
	American	43A
	Chinese	43B
Chokecherry	55B
Cladrastis kentuckea	61C
Cladrastis lutea	61C
Coffeetree,
	Kentucky	61A
Cornus florida	19C
Cottonwood,
	Eastern	47B
	Plains	47C
Crabapple,
	Prairie	29D or 59A
Crataegus
	crusgalli	45B
	mollis	29C
	phaenopyrum	29B
Diospyros	
	virginiana	41C
Dogwood, Flowering	19C
Douglasfir	17C
Elaeagnus	
	angustifolia	35D
Elm,
	American	51B
	Chinese	51C
	Cork	50F
	Rock	50F
	Siberian	51D
	Slippery	51A
Fagus grandifolia	42D
Fir,
	Balsam	15A
	Fraser	15A
Fraxinus	
	americana	25A
	pennsylvanica	24E
	quadrangulata	23D
Ginkgo	25B
Ginkgo biloba	25B
Gleditsia
	triacanthos	61B
Goldenraintree	59D
Gymnocladus	
	dioicus	61A
Hackberry	49A
Hawthorn, 
	Cockspur	45B

Page 68

	Downy	29C
	Washington	29B
Hemlock, Eastern	14E
Hickory,
	Bitternut	66B
	Mockernut	66D
	Pignut	65D
	Shagbark	65C
	Shellbark	66C
Holly, American	41D
Honeylocust	61B
Hophornbeam,
	Eastern	59C
Hornbeam,
	American	59B
Horsechestnut	22E
Ilex opaca	41D
Juglans
	cinerea	65A
	nigra	64E
Juneberry	57C
Juniperus	
	Virginiana	19A
Koelreuteria
	paniculata	59D
Larch,

	Eastern	13C
	European	13D
Larix	
	decidua	13D
	laricina	13C
Linden,
	American	49B
	Littleleaf	49C
Liquidambar
	styraciflua	27B
Liriodendron
	tulipifera	25C
Locust, Black	63A
Maclura pomifera	37B
Magnolia
	acuminata	39C
	Cucumbertree	39C
	grandiflora	39A
	Saucer	39B
	Southern	39A
	x soulangiana	39B
	tripetala	37D
	Umbrella	37D
Malus
	ioensis	29D or 59A
	pumila	57D
Maple,
	Ashleaf	23C
	Black	22D
	Norway	21C
	Red	21A
	Silver	21B
	Striped	19D
	Sugar	21D
Mimosa	60E
	Morus	
	alba	31B or 48E
	rubra	31A or 47D
Mountainash,
	American	63C
	European	63D
Mulberry,
	Red	31A or 47D
	White	31B or 48E
Nyssa sylvatica	41B
Oak,
	Black	35A
	Bur	31D
	Chestnut	43C
	Chinkapin	43D
	English	33C
	Live	39D
	Northern Red	34E
	Overcup	33A
	Pin	35C
	Post	31C
	Scarlet	35B
	Shingle	40D
	Southern Red	33D
	Swamp White	32D
	Water	27A
	White	33B
	Willow	41A
Osage-Orange	37B
Ostrya virginiana	59C
Oxydendrum
	arboreum	57A
	Pagodatree,
	Japanese	61D
Pawpaw	37C
Pecan		65B
Peach		55C
Pear		57B
Persimmon	41C
Picea	
	abies	15B
	glauca	17A
	mariana	15D
	pungens	15C
	rubens	16C
Pine,
	Austrian	11B
	Eastern White	9A
	Jack	11C
	Loblolly	9D
	Longleaf	9C
	Pitch	9B
	Ponderosa	12E
	Red	11A
	Scotch	11D
	Scots	11D
	Scrub	11C
	Shortleaf	13B

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	Slash	13A
Pinus
	banksiana	11C
	echinata	13B
	elliottii	13A
	nigra	11B
	palustris	9C
	ponderosa	12E
	resinosa	11A
	rigida	9B
	strobus	9A
	sylvestris	11D
	taeda	9D
Planetree,  London	29A
Platanus
	occidentalis	27D
	x acerifolia	29A
Plum, American	45A
Poplar
	Lombardy Black	47A
	White	27C
Populus	
	alba	27C
	deltoides	47B
	deltoides var. occidentalis	47C
	grandidentata 	45D
	nigra var. italica	47A
	tremuloides	45C
Prunus
	americana	45A
	armeniaca	55D
	cerasus	54D
	persica	55C
	serotina	55A
	virginiana	55B
Pseudotsuga
	menziesii	17C
Pyrus		57B
Quercus
	alba	33B
	bicolor	32D
	coccinea	35B
	falcata	33D
	imbricaria	40D
	lyrata	33A
	macrocarpa	31D
	muehlenbergii	43D
	nigra	27A
	palustris	35C
	phellos	41A
	prinus	43C
	robur	33C
	rubra 	34E
	stellata	31C
	velutina	35A
	virginiana	39D
Redbud. Eastern	37A
Redcedar, Eastern	19A
Robinia			
	pseudoacacia	63A 
Russian-Olive	35D
	Salix
	babylonica	53C
	nigra	53D
Sassafras	25D
Sassafras albidum	25D
	Serviceberry,
	Downy	57C
Shadbush	57C
Silk-tree	60E
Sophora japonica	61D
Sorbus
	americana	63C
	aucuparia	63D
Sourwood	57A
Spruce,		
	Black	15D
	Colorado Blue	15C
	Norway	15B
	Red	16C
	White	17A
Styphnolobium japonicum	61D
Sweetgum	27B
	Sycamore,
	American	27D
Tamarack	13C
Taxodium
	distichum	17B
	Thuja occidentalis	17D
Tilia
	americana	49B
	cordata	49C
Tree-of-Heaven	63B
Tsuga canadensis	14E
	Tulip poplar	25C
Tuliptree	25C
Tupelo,  Black	41B
Ulmus
	americana	51B
	parvifolia	51C
	pumila	51D
	rubra	51A
	thomasii	50F
Walnut,
	Black	64E
	Whitecedar,
	Atlantic	18D
	Northern	17D
	Southern	18D
Willow,
	Black	53D
	Weeping	53C
Yellowwood	61C
Yellow poplar	25C